30 multiple-choice questions about children developement

Michael, who is quite familiar with birds, sees an airplane for the first time and calls it a “bird.” Jean Piaget, Michael is exhibiting:

a.Conservation

b.Accommodation

c.Reciprocal determinism

d.Assimilation
2 The period of the zygote lasts about _____, beginning with _____.

a.3 months; fertilization

b.2 weeks; fertilization

c.2 weeks; implantation

d.3 months; implantation
3. According to ecological systems theory, the behaviors of each family member affect those of othrs. This represents the concept of _____ influences.

a.Bidirectional

b.Learned

c.Predetermined

d.Universal

4 Which of the following terms represent ideas by Piaget

a.Schemes

b.Assimilation

c.All of the above

d.Accommodation

5 Theories who believe the child to be a passive reactor to the environment are called:

a.Naturalistic

b.Mechanistic

c.Dynamic

d.Organismic

6 (3 points) The period of the embryo last from the ____ week through the _____ week of pregnancy

a.third; tenth

b.first; third

c.second; eight

d.fourth; twelfth

7 (3 points) ______ is the process by which the DNA ladder splits down the middle, replicating itself when each base pairs up with a new mate from the cytoplasm of the cell

a.Natural selection

b.Meiosis

c.Crossing over

d.Mitosis

8 (3 points) Which of the following terms are not characteristic of information processing theory?

Memory

Menarche

Attention

Thinking

9 (3 points) ______ represents the union between the sperm and the egg

scheme

zygote

teratogens

none of the above

10 (3 points) _____ are developmental characteristics that one can directly observe

Latents

None of the above

Phenotype

Genotype

11 (3 points) Which items represent mental strategies noted in information processing theory?

Elaboration

All of the above

Rehearsal

Organization

12 (3 points) Most babies born to mothers who used cocaine regularly during pregnancy

Came into the world drug addicted

Have abnormally low pitched and dull cries

Are extremely placid and calm

Survived only a few days

13 (3 points) Wanda, who is pregnant, lives in an old apartment building where multiple layers of paint are flaking off the walls. To protect her baby, Wanda should have the paint tested for

Mercury

Lead

Phosphorous

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

14 (3 points) Qualitative changes involve

None of the above

Both

Amount

Type or kind

15 (3 points) Which of the following stages relate to Freud

Oral, Anal

None of the above

trust vs mistrust, Autonomy vs shame

Sensorimotor, Preoperational

16 (3 points) Amniotic fluid

Produces blood cells until the developing liver, spleen, and bone marrow are mature enough to take over this function

Separates the mother’s bloodstream from the embryo or fetal bloodstream

Provides a protective cover and nourishment to the prenatal organism

Helps keep the temperature constant

17 (3 points) In Erikson’s model, what is critical in promoting healthy personality developmental?

Sex

Tabula Rasa

Crisis

Cognitive

18 (3 points) Teenage mothers are at greater risk than older mothers for prenatal complications because

The risky behavior of many teenagers causes chromosomal abnormalities in their babies

Most teenagers reproductive organs are not yet mature enough to support a pregnancy

Many pregnant teenager do not receive adequate prenatal care

The egg cells or ovum of teenagers are not yet mature enough to successfully unite with the father’s sperm cells

19 (3 points) Which of the following represent Piaget’s stages

Oral, anal phallic, latency, genital

Trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity

Id, ego, superego

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

20 (3 points) Which of the following statements represent what is generally believed by social scientists?

People help shape their own development

Humans are resilient

All of the above

Knowledge is useful

21 (3 points) Autosomes

Are the 22 matching chromosome pairs in each human cell

Are the 23rd pair of chromosomes

Determine the sex of the child

Contain the sex chromosomes

23 (3 points) Chromosomes

Store and transmit genetic information

Always come in XY pairs

Are inherited from the mother only

Are located outside of the cell nucleus

24 (3 points) In which Piagetian stage of development do infants “think” by acting on the world with their eyes, ears, and hands?

Operational

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Preformal

25 (3 points) Which of the following represents Freud’s contribution to human development?

All behavior is motivated by unconscious dynamics

Sexuality is a major motivating force in human behavior

Industry vs Inferiority

Errors and other unintended behaviors have symbolic meanings

26 (3 points) Your friend is a healthy woman over the age of 35 who is thinking of having her first child. You can tell her that

She is more likely than a woman in her twenties to have a baby born with chromosomal defects

She is likely to have more prenatal complications than a woman in her twenties

She is likely to have a longer and more difficult labor than younger women

Her baby is more likely than a younger woman’s baby to be low birth weight

27 (3 points) The most well-known effect of smoking during the prenatal period is

Childhood lung cancer

respiratory distress

low birth weight

allergies

28 (3 points) An expectant mother who ensures that her meat is well cooked and has other family members change the cat’s litter box is trying to avoid

rubella

cytomegalovirus

polychlorinated biphenyls

toxoplasmosis

29 (3 points) _____ refers to a limited time span during which a part of the body or a behavior is biologically prepared to develop rapidly and is especially sensitive to its surroundings

range of reaction

a sensitive period

canalization

the age of viability

30 (3 points) A ______ refers to any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period

Pollutant

Chemical hazard

Toxin

Teratogen

31 (3 points) According to Erikson, a combination of adult expectations and children’s drive towards mastery creates what stage of development?

Initiative vs. Guilt

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

Trust vs. Mistrust

Industry vs. Inferiority

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