Oakton Community College Fallacies of False Premises Philosophy Questions

There is a practice quiz linked below, there are two pages, 20 questions in total. I also have examples of all the different fallacies attached down below. We have fallacies of false premises, formal fallacies, inductive fallacies, semantice fallacies, circular fallacies, and fallacies relevance. Also there are multiple different types within each fallacy and you need to choose from that. If you have any experience in this please help me out.

Final Quiz-Fallacies
that foreign
1. A foreign family moved into my neighborhood once, and they were
financially quite well-off, better than we were; this
proves
people actually are economically equal to whites.
2. Here’s what I think about what you have written: anyone who opposes
the death penalty for murder is a criminal at heart.
3. Britney Spears says that George W. Bush has got a great plan for the
economy, and so therefore I am supporting him because I trust what she
has to say.
4. Everyone else is going out and getting drunk tonight, so you
should
too.
5. You can’t give me a bad grade; this will make my parents angry with
me.
6. Either you support the President in everything he says and does or you
are not a patriotic American
7. The administration closed the smoking court in our school at the end of
last year, and fights among students have gone down this year;
therefore, closing the smoking court caused the reduction in fights
among students.
8. I can’t be guilty of embezzlement; I’m an honest person.
9. No one has ever convincingly proven that U.F.O.s don’t exist; therefore,
they do.
10. It has been scientifically proven that people need to drink a certain
amount of water every day to keep healthy. Water is a liquid and so is
beer. Therefore people should be able to substitute beer for water,
drinking as much beer each day as doctors recommend people drink
water, in order to keep healthy.
11. I don’t support the President’s foreign policy; look at the disastrous way
he has taken care of our domestic economy.
12. All of those movie stars are really rude. I asked Kevin Costner for his
autograph in a restaurant in Westwood the other evening, and he
told me to get lost.
13.We can safely conclude that there is intelligent life elsewhere in the
galaxy, because thus far no one has been able to prove that there is
not.
14. Either you favor a strong national defense, or you favor allowing
other nations to dictate our foreign policy.
15.No one who has the slightest acquaintance with science can
reasonably doubt that the miracles in the Bible actually took place.
Every year we witness countless new miracles in the form
recombinant DNA, micro-chips, organ transplants, and the like.
16. The Bible is the word of God. We know this because the Bible itself
tells us so.
17. Laws against marijuana are plain silly. Why, Thomas Jefferson is
known to have raised hemp on his own plantation:
18.If the Supreme Court allows abortion, next think you
know they’ll
allow euthanasia, and it won’t be long before society disposes of all
those persons whom it deems unwanted or undesirable.
19. There’s too much fuss and concern about saving the environment. We
can’t create an Eden on earth. And even if we could, remember Adam
and Eve got bored in the Garden of Eden anyway!
20.Every player on the team is a superstar and a great player, so the
team is a great team.
Fallacies of Relevance
Chapter 8 Logical Fallacies
-a fallacy is a mistake in logic!!
-6 main categories of fallacies
-many different fallacies within each
category
-p. 195:
-6 different categories:
1-Fallacies of relevance
2-Circular fallacies
3-Inductive fallcies
4-Semantic fallacies
5-Formal fallacies
6-Fallacies of false premises
1. Ad Hominem Abusive
-Ad hominem means ‘against the
person’
-if we reject someone’s view
because they are a criminal, we are
committing the fallacy
4. Vested Interest
-a vested interest is when someone
stands to gain from some idea
-top p. 198;
-it’s not the person with the vested
interest who committs the fallacy,
but the person who rejects
someone’s idea just because that
person putting forth the idea has a
vested interest
2. Guilt by Association p. 197 top
-this is a fallacy because it rejects
someone’s idea because they
associate with bad people
3. “you too”
-This is a rejection of a person’v
view based on the fact that they
are hypocritical
-People who say one thing and do
another…
-if we reject someone’s idea
because they are being hyporitical,
then we are the fallacy
5- Circumstancial ad hominem p.
198: like the ‘you too’ but it rejects
someone’s idea because they are
contradicting themselves
ex. 8.7
-it’s not the person contradicting
themselves who committs the
fallacy, but the person who draws a
conclusion from the contradiction
Fallacies of Relevance…con’t:
-when someone has standing or is
an actual authority in a field, then
we are not committing a fallacy by
relying on their opinion
6-the Straw Man Fallacy
-a straw man is a fake person
-this distorts or misrepresents what
a person actually is saying, and
then attacks the distortion!
-bottom of p. 198
-if you distort someone’s view and
then attack the distortion, you are
committing the fallacy.
-attacking an idea that nobody
holds.
11. Appeal to Ignorance
-just because something hasn’t
been proven yet, that it’s opposite
is true
-It hasn’t been proven that God
exists, Therefore God does not exist
-It hasn’t been proven that God
doesn’t exist, so God does exist!
9-Appeal to Popularity
-We commit this fallacy when we
argue for a conclusion based just
on what is popular
-p. 201 bottom
-Bandwagon Effect
-when someone is making an
appeal to what is popular they are
“jumping on the bandwagon”
12- Missing the Point (Ignoratio
Elenchi)
-this happens when we draw the
opposite conclusion from the one
suggested by the evidence
-top of p. 204
7- Appeal to Force
p. 199 top
-the appeal to force is a fallacy
because it is a threat disguised as
an argument
10- Appeal to Pity
-we’ve all used this type of fallacy!
-although it sometimes works, it is
still not logical!
13-Red Herring
-it is an attempt to distract from a
more important issue!
8- Appeal to Authority
– this is a fallacy because it accepts
someone’s idea just because they
are in a position of authorit-p. 199
bottom
-not all appeals to authority are
fallacies
Circular Fallacies
14- Circular fallacy
-a circular fallacy is an argument in
which we assume that which we are
trying to prove!
-p. 205 middle
-when we use a synonym to explain
something we may be arguing in a
circular fashion
ex:
1) Everything the Bible says is true
2) The Bible says god exists
Therefore, God exists!
Someone might believe statement 1
because they believe God wrote the
Bible!
15- Complex Question (Begging the
Question)
-when we ask a question that
already assumes an answer to a
previously unasked question.
Circular Fallacies
14- Circular fallacy
-a circular fallacy is an argument in
which we assume that which we are
trying to prove!
-p. 205 middle
-when we use a synonym to explain
something we may be arguing in a
circular fashion
ex:
1) Everything the Bible says is true
2) The Bible says god exists
Therefore, God exists!
Someone might believe statement 1
because they believe God wrote the
Bible!
15- Complex Question (Begging the
Question)
-when we ask a question that
already assumes an answer to a
previously unasked question.
Fallacies of False Premises
28- False Dichotomy
-occurs when we assume that there
are only two alternatives, when in
fact there may be three or more…
29- Slippery Slope
-this occurs when there are actually
too many premises in an argument
so that it increases the liklihood
that one of the premises is false
-e.g. If you’re not with me, then
you’re against me!
-because the person may not be
“with you” but may also not be
“agianst you”
– they might be neutral
-it can also mean that one when
give someone an inch, they take a
mile
-if you help someone out a little,
then they can take advantage of
you!
Fallacies of Relevance
Chapter 8 Logical Fallacies
-a fallacy is a mistake in logic!!
-6 main categories of fallacies
-many different fallacies within each
category
-p. 195:
-6 different categories:
1-Fallacies of relevance
2-Circular fallacies
3-Inductive fallcies
4-Semantic fallacies
5-Formal fallacies
6-Fallacies of false premises
1. Ad Hominem Abusive
-Ad hominem means ‘against the
person’
-if we reject someone’s view
because they are a criminal, we are
committing the fallacy
4. Vested Interest
-a vested interest is when someone
stands to gain from some idea
-top p. 198;
-it’s not the person with the vested
interest who committs the fallacy,
but the person who rejects
someone’s idea just because that
person putting forth the idea has a
vested interest
2. Guilt by Association p. 197 top
-this is a fallacy because it rejects
someone’s idea because they
associate with bad people
3. “you too”
-This is a rejection of a person’v
view based on the fact that they
are hypocritical
-People who say one thing and do
another…
-if we reject someone’s idea
because they are being hyporitical,
then we are the fallacy
5- Circumstancial ad hominem p.
198: like the ‘you too’ but it rejects
someone’s idea because they are
contradicting themselves
ex. 8.7
-it’s not the person contradicting
themselves who committs the
fallacy, but the person who draws a
conclusion from the contradiction
Final Quiz-Fallacies
that foreign
1. A foreign family moved into my neighborhood once, and they were
financially quite well-off, better than we were; this
proves
people actually are economically equal to whites.
2. Here’s what I think about what you have written: anyone who opposes
the death penalty for murder is a criminal at heart.
3. Britney Spears says that George W. Bush has got a great plan for the
economy, and so therefore I am supporting him because I trust what she
has to say.
4. Everyone else is going out and getting drunk tonight, so you
should
too.
5. You can’t give me a bad grade; this will make my parents angry with
me.
6. Either you support the President in everything he says and does or you
are not a patriotic American
7. The administration closed the smoking court in our school at the end of
last year, and fights among students have gone down this year;
therefore, closing the smoking court caused the reduction in fights
among students.
8. I can’t be guilty of embezzlement; I’m an honest person.
9. No one has ever convincingly proven that U.F.O.s don’t exist; therefore,
they do.
10. It has been scientifically proven that people need to drink a certain
amount of water every day to keep healthy. Water is a liquid and so is
beer. Therefore people should be able to substitute beer for water,
drinking as much beer each day as doctors recommend people drink
water, in order to keep healthy.
11. I don’t support the President’s foreign policy; look at the disastrous way
he has taken care of our domestic economy.
12. All of those movie stars are really rude. I asked Kevin Costner for his
autograph in a restaurant in Westwood the other evening, and he
told me to get lost.
13.We can safely conclude that there is intelligent life elsewhere in the
galaxy, because thus far no one has been able to prove that there is
not.
14. Either you favor a strong national defense, or you favor allowing
other nations to dictate our foreign policy.
15.No one who has the slightest acquaintance with science can
reasonably doubt that the miracles in the Bible actually took place.
Every year we witness countless new miracles in the form
recombinant DNA, micro-chips, organ transplants, and the like.
16. The Bible is the word of God. We know this because the Bible itself
tells us so.
17. Laws against marijuana are plain silly. Why, Thomas Jefferson is
known to have raised hemp on his own plantation:
18.If the Supreme Court allows abortion, next think you
know they’ll
allow euthanasia, and it won’t be long before society disposes of all
those persons whom it deems unwanted or undesirable.
19. There’s too much fuss and concern about saving the environment. We
can’t create an Eden on earth. And even if we could, remember Adam
and Eve got bored in the Garden of Eden anyway!
20.Every player on the team is a superstar and a great player, so the
team is a great team.