Three Required Elements for Training and Regulations Question
Practicum4980 Training and Regulations Part 1
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State the complete requirement for emergency provisions for rescue teams under 192 6. 800 covering flammable or noxious gases. |
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15. |
undefined Training Requirements
in OSHA Standards
OSHA 2254-07R 2015
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
“To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and
women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the
Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe
and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information,
education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health.”
Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be
reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested
but not required.
This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals
upon request.
Voice phone: (202) 693-1999;
teletypewriter (TTY) number: 1-877-889-5627.
This publication provides a general overview of a variety of standardsrelated topics. This publication does not alter or determine compliance
responsibilities which are set forth in OSHA standards, and the
Occupational Safety and Health Act. Moreover, because interpretations and
enforcement policy may change over time, for additional guidance on OSHA
compliance requirements, the reader should consult current administrative
interpretations and decisions by the Occupational Safety and Health Review
Commission and the courts.
This guidance document is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no
new legal obligations. It contains descriptions of mandatory safety and health
standards. The Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to
comply with safety and health standards and regulations promulgated by
OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan. In addition, the
Act’s General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1), requires employers to provide their
employees with a workplace free from recognized hazards likely to cause death
or serious physical harm.
Cover photo courtesy of ACTA Safety
Training Requirements
in OSHA Standards
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
OSHA 2254-07R 2015
Table of Contents
INTRODUC TION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Training Requirements for Workplace Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Injury and Illness Prevention Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Educational Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
OSHA Training Institute (OTI) Education Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
GENERAL INDUSTRY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
29 CFR 1910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Subpart E – Exit Routes and Emergency Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1910.38
Emergency action plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1910.39
Fire prevention plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Subpart F – Powered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work Platforms. . . . . . . . 7
1910.66
Powered platforms for building maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Subpart G – Occupational Health and Environmental Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1910.95
Occupational noise exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Subpart H – Hazardous Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1910.106
Flammable liquids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1910.109
Explosive and blasting agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1910.110
Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1910.111
Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1910.119
Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1910.120
Hazardous waste operations and emergency response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Subpart I – Personal Protective Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
1910.132
General requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
1910.134
Respiratory protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
iv
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Subpart J – General Environmental Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
1910.142
Temporary labor camps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
1910.145
Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
1910.146
Permit required confined spaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
1910.147
The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Subpart K – Medical Services and First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
1910.151
Medical services and first aid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Subpart L – Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1910.155
Fire protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1910.156
Fire brigades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1910.157
Portable fire extinguishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
1910.158
Standpipe and hose systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1910.160
Fixed extinguishing systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1910.164
Fire detection systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1910.165
Employee alarm systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Subpart N – Materials handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1910.177
Servicing of multi-piece and single-piece rim wheels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1910.178
Powered industrial trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
1910.179
Overhead and gantry cranes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
1910.180
Crawler locomotive and truck cranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Subpart O – Machinery and Machine Guarding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
1910.217
Mechanical power presses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
1910.218
Forging machines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Subpart Q – Welding, Cutting, and Brazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
1910.252
General requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
1910.253
Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
1910.254
Arc welding and cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
1910.255
Resistance welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Subpart R – Special Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
1910.261
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
1910.264
Laundry machinery and operating rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
1910.266
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
1910.268
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
1910.269
Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
1910.272
Grain handling facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
v
Subpart S – Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
1910.332
Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Subpart T – Commercial Diving Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
1910.410
Qualifications of dive team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
1910.1001 Asbestos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
1910.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
1910.1017 Vinyl chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
1910.1018 Inorganic arsenic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
1910.1025 Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
1910.1026 Chromium (VI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
1910.1027 Cadmium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
1910.1028 Benzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
1910.1029 Coke oven emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
1910.1030 Bloodborne pathogens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
1910.1043 Cotton dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
1910.1044 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
1910.1045 Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
1910.1047 Ethylene oxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
1910.1048 Formaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
1910.1050 Methylenedianiline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
1910.1051 1,3-Butadiene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
1910.1052 Methylene chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
1910.1096 Ionizing radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
1910.1200 Hazard communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
1910.1450 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
MARITIME. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
29 CFR Part 1915 – Shipyard Employment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Subpart A – General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
1915.6
Commercial diving operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
1915.7
Competent person. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
1915.9
Compliance duties owed to each employee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Subpart B – Confined and Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous Atmospheres in
Shipyard Employment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
1915.12
Precautions and the order of testing before entering confined and
enclosed spaces and other dangerous atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
vi
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
1915.13
1915.14
1915.15
Cleaning and other cold work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Hot work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Maintenance of safe conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Subpart C – Surface Preparation and Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
1915.35
Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
1915.36
Flammable liquids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Subpart D – Welding, Cutting and Heating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
1915.53
Welding, cutting and heating in way of preservative coatings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
1915.54
Welding, cutting and heating of hollow metal containers and structures
not covered by 1915.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
1915.55
Gas welding and cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
1915.56
Arc welding and cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
1915.57
Uses of fissionable material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Subpart E – Scaffolds, Ladders and Other Working Surfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
1915.71
Scaffolds or staging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Subpart F – General Working Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
1915.89
Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tags-plus). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Subpart G – Gear and Equipment for Rigging and Materials Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
1915.112
Ropes, chains and slings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
1915.116
Use of gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
1915.117
Qualifications of operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Subpart H – Tools and Related Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
1915.135
Powder actuated fastening tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
1915.136
Internal combustion engines, other than ships’ equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Subpart I – Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
1915.152
General requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
1915.154
Respiratory protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
1915.159
Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
1915.160
Positioning device systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subpart K – Portable, Unfired Pressure Vessels, Drums and Containers,
Other Than Ship’s Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
1915.172
Portable air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subpart P – Fire Protection in Shipyard Employment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
1915.508
Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
vii
Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
1915.1001 Asbestos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
1915.1003 13 carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
1915.1017 Vinyl chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
1915.1018 Inorganic arsenic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
1915.1025 Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1027 Cadmium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1028 Benzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1030 Bloodborne pathogens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1044 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1045 Acrylonitrile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1047 Ethylene oxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1048 Formaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1050 Methylenedianiline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1200 Hazard communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
1915.1450 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
29 CFR Part 1917 – Marine Terminals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Subpart A – General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
1917.1
Scope and applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Subpart B – Marine Terminal Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
1917.23
Hazardous atmospheres and substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
1917.25
Fumigants, pesticides, insecticides, and hazardous preservatives. . . . . . . . . . . 136
1917.27
Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
1917.28
Hazard communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
1917.30
Emergency action plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subpart C – Cargo Handling Gear and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
1917.44
General rules applicable to vehicles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Subpart D – Specialized Terminals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
1917.73
Terminal facilities handling menhaden and similar species of fish. . . . . . . . . . 139
Subpart G – Related Terminal Operations and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
1917.152
Welding, cutting and heating (hot work). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
29 CFR Part 1918 – Safety and Health Regulations for Longshoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Subpart A – Scope and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
1918.1
Scope and application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
viii
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Subpart H – Handling Cargo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
1918.85
Containerized cargo operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Subpart I – General Working Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
1918.93
Hazardous atmospheres and substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
1918.94
Ventilation and atmospheric conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
1918.97
First aid and lifesaving facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
1918.98
Qualifications of machinery operators and supervisory training . . . . . . . . . . . 142
CONSTRUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
29 CFR 1910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Subpart B – Adoption and Extension of Established Federal Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
1910.12
Construction Work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
29 CFR 1926. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Subpart C – General Safety and Health Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
1926.20
General Safety and Health Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
1926.21
Safety training and education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
1926.32
Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
1926.35
Employee emergency action plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subpart D – Occupational Health and Environmental Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.50
Medical services and first aid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.52
Occupational noise exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.53
Ionizing radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.54
Nonionizing radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.55
Gases, vapors, fumes, dusts, and mists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
1926.57
Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
1926.59
Hazard communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
1910.1200 Hazard communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
1926.60
Methylenedianiline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
1926.61
Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
1926.62
Lead in Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
1926.64
Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
1926.65
Hazardous waste operations and emergency response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Subpart E – Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
1926.102
Eye and Face Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
ix
1926.103
1910.134
Respiratory protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Respiratory protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Subpart F – Fire Protection and Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
1926.150
Fire protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
1926.155
Definitions applicable to this subpart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Subpart G – Signs, Signals, and Barricades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
1926.200
Accident prevention signs and tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
1926.201
Signaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
1926.202
Barricades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Subpart I – Tools – Hand and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
1926.300
General requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
1926.302
Power-operated hand tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Subpart J – Welding and Cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
1926.350
Gas welding and cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
1926.351
Arc welding and cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
1926.352
Fire prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Subpart K – Electrical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
1926.416
General requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Subpart L – Scaffolds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
1926.450
Scope, application and definitions applicable to this subpart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
1926.451
General requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
1926.454
Training requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Subpart M – Fall Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
1926.503
Training requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Subpart O – Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations . . . . . . . . 208
1926.602
Material handling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
1910.178
Powered industrial trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Subpart R – Steel Erection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
1926.760
Fall Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
1926.761
Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Subpart S – Underground Construction, Caissons, Cofferdams and Compressed Air. . 213
1926.800
Underground construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
1926.803
Compressed air. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
x
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Subpart U – Blasting and the Use of Explosives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
1926.901
Blaster qualifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Subpart V – Power Transmission and Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
1926.955
Overhead lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Subpart X – Stairways and Ladders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
1926.1060 Training requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Subpart Y – Diving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
1926.1076 Qualifications of dive team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
1926.1101 Asbestos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
1926.1126 Chromium (VI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
1926.1127 Cadmium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Subpart AA – Confined Spaces in Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
1926.1207 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
1926.1211 Rescue and emergency services.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Subpart CC – Cranes and Derricks in Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
1926.1401 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
1926.1404 Assembly/Disassembly — general requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
1926.1408 Power line safety (up to 350 kV) — equipment operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
1926.1419 Signals — general requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
1926.1423 Fall protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
1926.1424 Work area control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
1926.1425 Keeping clear of the load. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
1926.1427 Operator qualification and certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
1926.1428 Signal Person Qualifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
1926.1430 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
1926.1436 Derricks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
1926.1438 Overhead & gantry cranes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
1926.1441 Equipment with a rated hoisting/lifting capacity of 2,000 pounds or less . . . . 237
AGRICULTURAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
29 CFR 1928. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Subpart C – Roll-Over Protective Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
1928.51
Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Tractors Used in
Agricultural Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
1928.57 Guarding of Farm Field Equipment, Farmstead Equipment, and Cotton Gins . . 240
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
xi
Subpart M – Occupational Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
1928.1027 Cadmium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
FEDERAL EMPLOYEE PROGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
29 CFR 1960. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Subpart B – Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
1960.7
Financial Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Subpart D – Inspection and Abatement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
1960.25 Qualifications of Safety and Health Inspectors and Agency Inspections . . . . . 241
Subpart E – General Services Administration and Other Federal Agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . 242
1960.34
General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Subpart F – Occupational Safety and Health Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
1960.39
Agency Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Subpart H – Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
1960.54
Training of Top Management Officials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
1960.55
Training of Supervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
1960.56
Training of Safety and Health Specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
1960.57
Training of Safety and Health Inspectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Subpart K – Field Federal Safety and Health Councils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
1960.85
Role of the Secretary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
TRAINING RESOURCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Appendix A – Multilingual Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Appendix B – References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Appendix C – States with Approved OSHA Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Appendix D – Free On-site Safety and Health Consultation Services for Small Business . . . 253
Appendix E – NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Appendix F – OSHA Regional Offices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
How to Contact OSHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
xii
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
Training Requirements for Workplace Safety
Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, employers are responsible for
providing a safe and healthful workplace. No person should ever have to be injured,
become ill, or die for a paycheck.
OSHA’s mission is to ensure the protection of workers and prevent work-related injuries,
illnesses, and deaths by setting and enforcing standards, and by providing training,
outreach, education and assistance. Many OSHA standards, which have prevented
countless workplace tragedies, include explicit safety and health training requirements
to ensure that workers have the required skills and knowledge to safely do their work.
These requirements reflect OSHA’s belief that training is an essential part of every
employer’s safety and health program for protecting workers from injuries and illnesses.
Researchers conclude that those who are new on the job have a higher rate of injuries
and illnesses than more experienced workers.
To assist employers, safety and health professionals, training directors and others with a
need to know, OSHA’s training-related requirements have been excerpted and collected
in this updated booklet. Requirements for posting information, warning signs, labels,
and the like are excluded, as are most references to the qualifications of people assigned
to test workplace conditions or equipment.
Training in the safe way for workers to do their jobs well is an investment that will pay
back over and over again in fewer injuries and illnesses, better morale, lower insurance
premiums and more.
It is a good idea to keep a record of all safety and health training. Documentation can
also supply an answer to one of the first questions an incident investigator will ask:
“Did the employee receive adequate training to do the job?”
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
1
OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job
OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job
In this booklet, the training requirements contained in OSHA’s standards are organized
into five categories of OSHA standards: General Industry, Maritime, Construction,
Agriculture, and Federal Employee Programs. An example of a training requirement
is found in the revised Hazard Communication standard (Title 29 Code of Federal
Regulations, Part 1910.1200, effective May 25, 2012), which improves the quality and
consistency of hazard information in the workplace. This standard states:
Employers shall provide employees with effective information and
training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of
their initial assignment, and whenever a new chemical hazard the
employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into
their work area. Information and training may be designed to cover
categories of hazards (e.g., flammability, carcinogenicity) or specific
chemicals. Chemical-specific information must always be available
through labels and safety data sheets.
This booklet identifies the training requirements in specific OSHA standards. For
information on training techniques and resources for developing training programs,
please see Resource for Development and Delivery of Training to Workers.
Injury and Illness Prevention Programs
Training and education are elements of a strong injury and illness prevention program
that can help employers find and fix workplace hazards before workers get hurt.
Injury and illness prevention programs are systems that can substantially reduce
the number and severity of workplace injuries and illnesses while reducing costs to
employers. Thousands of employers across the United States already manage safety
using injury and illness prevention programs, and OSHA believes that all employers can
and should do the same. Thirty-four states have requirements or voluntary guidelines
for workplace injury and illness prevention programs.
Most successful injury and illness prevention programs are based on a common set
of key elements. These include management leadership, worker participation, hazard
identification, hazard prevention and control, education and training, and program
evaluation and improvement. Visit OSHA’s Injury and Illness Prevention Programs web
page at www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth for more information.
2
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Introduction
Educational Information
OSHA has many types of educational materials in English, Spanish, Vietnamese and
other languages available in print or online. These include:
• Brochures/booklets;
• Fact Sheets;
• Guidance documents that provide detailed examinations of specific safety
and health issues;
• Online Safety and Health Topics pages;
• Posters;
• Small, laminated QuickCards™ that provide brief safety and health
information; and
• QuickTakes, OSHA’s free, twice-monthly online newsletter with the latest
news about OSHA initiatives and products to assist employers and workers
in finding and preventing workplace hazards. To sign up for QuickTakes, visit
www.osha.gov/quicktakes.
To view materials available online or for a listing of free publications, visit www.osha.gov/
publications. You can also call 1-800-321-OSHA (6742) to order publications.
OSHA’s web site also has information on job hazards and injury and illness prevention for
employers and workers. To learn more about OSHA’s safety and health resources online,
visit www.osha.gov or www.osha.gov/html/a-z-index.html.
OSHA Training Institute (OTI) Education Centers
OTI Education Centers are nonprofit organizations authorized by OSHA to deliver
occupational safety and health training to workers, supervisors and employers. These
organizations are selected through a competitive process based on various criteria,
including their occupational safety and health training experience, location and training
facilities, and ability to provide training throughout a given region.
The OTI Education Centers offer courses and seminars on a variety of safety and health
topics. They also contribute to the OSHA training mission through other safety and
health programs, including community outreach efforts, courses offered in Spanish, and
various youth initiatives.
The OTI Education Centers also support the Voluntary OSHA Outreach Training
Program by offering trainer courses and processing trainer requests for course
completion cards. The Outreach Training Program is a voluntary program that is not
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
3
Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs
required by OSHA—nor does it fulfill any OSHA requirements. Still the outreach
program can provide basic safety and health information and education. However,
under the OSHA law, all required training must be provided by and paid for by
employers. Through the outreach program, safety professionals can become authorized
to deliver 10-hour and 30-hour classes on the recognition, avoidance, abatement, and
prevention of safety and health hazards in workplaces. The program also provides
information about workers’ rights, employer responsibilities, and how to file a
complaint. It is important to note that this is a voluntary program and does not meet
training requirements for any OSHA standards. Although some states, municipalities,
or organizations may require outreach training as a condition of employment, it is not
an OSHA requirement. None of the courses within the Outreach Training Program is
considered a certification.
For more information, including course descriptions and prerequisites, class schedules,
tuition and fees, and featured organizations, visit OSHA’s website: www.osha.gov/otiec.
Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs
Training programs help ensure that safe jobs are no accident. Safe jobs exist because
employers make a conscious decision, each and every day of the year, to make
protecting workers a priority in the workplace. When this effort includes participation
from workers, workplace injury and illness prevention programs are improved because
workers can identify missing safety procedures, make recommendations for changes and
help ensure a safe workplace. When workers have a voice in the workplace and input
about how training is developed, training programs are more accurately focused on
specific workplace hazards.
Readers with questions concerning worker safety and health training should contact
their OSHA Regional or Area office listed at the end of this publication and on OSHA’s
website: www.osha.gov.
4
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Photo: Sheryl Quatermas, New Jersey State Plan
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
General Industry
The following training requirements have been excerpted from Title 29, Code of
Federal Regulations Part 1910. Note that additional training requirements may
appear in certain other standards (ANSI, NFPA, etc.) adopted by reference in Part
1910 and are therefore mandatory.
29 CFR 1910
Subpart E – Exit Routes and Emergency Planning
1910.38
(a) through (f)
Emergency action plans
(a) Application. An employer must have an emergency action
plan whenever an OSHA standard in this part requires one. The
requirements in this section apply to each such emergency action plan.
(b) Written and oral emergency action plans. An emergency action plan
must be in writing, kept in the workplace, and available to employees
for review. However, an employer with 10 or fewer employees may
communicate the plan orally to employees.
(c) Minimum elements of an emergency action plan. An emergency
action plan must include at a minimum:
(1) Procedures for reporting a fire or other emergency;
(2) Procedures for emergency evacuation, including type of
evacuation and exit route assignments;
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
5
General Industry
(3) Procedures to be followed by employees who remain to operate
critical plant operations before they evacuate;
(4) Procedures to account for all employees after evacuation;
(5) Procedures to be followed by employees performing rescue or
medical duties; and
(6) The name or job title of every employee who may be contacted
by employees who need more information about the plan or an
explanation of their duties under the plan.
(d) Employee alarm system. An employer must have and maintain
an employee alarm system. The employee alarm system must use a
distinctive signal for each purpose and comply with the requirements
in §1910.165.
(e) Training. An employer must designate and train employees to assist
in a safe and orderly evacuation of other employees.
(f) Review of emergency action plan. An employer must review the
emergency action plan with each employee covered by the plan:
(1) When the plan is developed or the employee is assigned initially
to a job;
(2) When the employee’s responsibilities under the plan change; and
(3) When the plan is changed
1910.39
(a) through (d)
Fire prevention plans
(a) Application. An employer must have a fire prevention plan when an
OSHA standard in this part requires one. The requirements in this
section apply to each such fire prevention plan.
(b) Written and oral fire prevention plans. A fire prevention plan
must be in writing, be kept in the workplace, and be made available
to employees for review. However, an employer with 10 or fewer
employees may communicate the plan orally to employees.
(c) Minimum elements of a fire prevention plan. A fire prevention plan
must include:
(1) A list of all major fire hazards, proper handling and storage
procedures for hazardous materials, potential ignition sources
and their control, and the type of fire protection equipment
necessary to control each major hazard;
(2) Procedures to control accumulations of flammable and
combustible waste materials;
6
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(3) Procedures for regular maintenance of safeguards installed on
heat-producing equipment to prevent the accidental ignition of
combustible materials;
(4) The name or job title of employees responsible for maintaining
equipment to prevent or control sources of ignition or fires; and
(5) The name or job title of employees responsible for the control of
fuel source hazards.
(d) Employee information. An employer must inform employees upon
initial assignment to a job of the fire hazards to which they are
exposed. An employer must also review with each employee those
parts of the fire prevention plan necessary for self-protection.
Subpart F – Powered Platforms, Manlifts, and VehicleMounted Work Platforms
1910.66
(i) and (j)
Powered platforms for building maintenance
(i) Operations
(1) Training.
(i)
Working platforms shall be operated only by persons who
are proficient in the operation, safe use and inspection of
the particular working platform to be operated.
(ii) All employees who operate working platforms shall be
trained in the following:
(A) Recognition of, and preventive measures for, the safety
hazards associated with their individual work tasks.
(B) General recognition and prevention of safety hazards
associated with the use of working platforms,
including the provisions in the section relating to the
particular working platform to be operated.
(C) Emergency action plan procedures required in
paragraph (e)(9) of this section.
(D) Work procedures required in paragraph (i)(1)(iv) of
this section.
(E) Personal fall arrest system inspection, care, use and
system performance.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
7
General Industry
(iii) Training of employees in the operation and inspection of
working platforms shall be done by a competent person.
(iv) Written work procedures for the operation, safe use and
inspection of working platforms shall be provided for
employee training. Pictorial methods of instruction may
be used, in lieu of written work procedures, if employee
communication is improved using this method. The operating
manuals supplied by manufacturers for platform system
components can serve as the basis for these procedures.
(v) The employer shall certify that employees have been trained
in operating and inspecting a working platform by preparing
a certification record which includes the identity of the
person trained, the signature of the employer or the person
who conducted the training and the date that training was
completed. The certification record shall be prepared at the
completion of the training required in paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of
this section, and shall be maintained in a file for the duration
of the employee’s employment. The certification record shall
be kept readily available for review by the Assistant Secretary
of Labor or the Assistant Secretary’s representative.
(2) Use
(i)
Working platforms shall not be loaded in excess of the rated
load, as stated on the platform load rating plate.
(ii) Employees shall be prohibited from working on snow, ice,
or other slippery material covering platforms, except for the
removal of such materials.
(iii) Adequate precautions shall be taken to protect the platform,
wire ropes and life lines from damage due to acids or other
corrosive substances, in accordance with the recommendations
of the corrosive substance producer, supplier, platform
manufacturer or other equivalent information sources.
Platform members which have been exposed to acids or other
corrosive substances shall be washed down with a neutralizing
solution, at a frequency recommended by the corrosive
substance producer or supplier.
(iv) Platform members, wire ropes and life lines shall be
protected when using a heat producing process. Wire
ropes and life lines which have been contacted by the heat
producing process shall be considered to be permanently
damaged and shall not be used.
8
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(v) The platform shall not be operated in winds in excess of
25 miles per hour (40.2 km/hr) except to move it from
an operating to a storage position. Wind speed shall be
determined based on the best available information, which
includes on-site anemometer readings and local weather
forecasts which predict wind velocities for the area.
(vi) On exterior installations, an anemometer shall be mounted
on the platform to provide information of on-site wind
velocities prior to and during the use of the platform. The
anemometer may be a portable (hand held) unit which is
temporarily mounted during platform use.
(vii) Tools, materials and debris not related to the work in
progress shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms.
Stabilizer ties shall be located so as to allow unencumbered
passage along the full length of the platform and shall be of
such length so as not to become entangled in rollers, hoists
or other machinery.
(j) Personal fall protection. Employees on working platforms shall be
protected by a personal fall arrest system meeting the requirements of
appendix C, section I, of this standard, and as otherwise provided by
this standard.
Appendix C to 1910.66 — Personal fall arrest system
Section I (Mandatory)
(e) Care and Use
(9) Before using a personal fall arrest system, and after any
component or system is changed, employees shall be trained in
accordance with the requirements of paragraph 1910.66(i)(1), in
the safe use of the system.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
9
General Industry
Subpart G – Occupational Health and Environmental Control
1910.95
Occupational noise exposure
(i)(4);
(k) and (l)
(i) Hearing protectors
(4) The employer shall provide training in the use and care of all
hearing protectors provided to employees.
(k) Training program
(1) The employer shall institute a training program for all employees
who are exposed to noise at or above an 8-hour time weighted
average of 85 decibels, and shall ensure employee participation in
such program.
(2) The training program shall be repeated annually for each employee
included in the hearing conservation program. Information
provided in the training program shall be updated to be consistent
with changes in protective equipment and work processes.
(3) The employer shall ensure that each employee is informed of
the following:
(i)
The effects of noise on hearing;
(ii) The purpose of hearing protectors, the advantages,
disadvantages, and attenuation of various types, and
instructions on selection, fitting, use, and care; and
(iii) The purpose of audiometric testing, and an explanation of
the test procedures.
(l) Access to Information and Training Materials
(1) The employer shall make available to affected employees or their
representatives copies of this standard and shall also post a copy
in the workplace.
(2) The employer shall provide to affected employees any
informational materials pertaining to the standard that are
supplied to the employer by the Assistant Secretary.
(3) The employer shall provide, upon request, all materials related to
the employer’s training and education program pertaining to this
standard to the Assistant Secretary and the Director.
10
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
Subpart H – Hazardous Materials
1910.106 Flammable liquids
(b)(5)(vi)(v) (b) Tank storage
(2) and (3)
(5) Supports, foundations, and anchorage for all tank locations –
(vi) Flood areas. Where a tank is located in an area that may be
subjected to flooding, the applicable precautions outlined in
this subdivision shall be observed.
(v) Inspections. The Assistant Secretary or his designated
representative shall make periodic inspections of all plants
where the storage of flammable liquids is such as to require
compliance with the foregoing requirements, in order to
assure the following:
(2) That detailed printed instructions of what to do in
flood emergencies are properly posted.
(3) That station operators and other employees depended
upon to carry out such instructions are thoroughly
informed as to the location and operation of such
valves and other equipment necessary to effect these
requirements.
1910.109 Explosive and blasting agents
(d)(3)(i) and
(iii), (g)(3)(iii)
(a), (g)(6)(ii),
and (h)(4)(ii)(b)
(d) Transportation of explosives
(3) Operation of transportation vehicles.
(i)
Vehicles transporting explosives shall only be driven by and
be in the charge of a driver who is familiar with the traffic
regulations, State laws, and the provisions of this section.
(iii) Every motor vehicle transporting any quantity of Class A or
Class B explosives shall, at all times, be attended by a driver
or other attendant of the motor carrier. This attendant shall
have been made aware of the class of the explosive material
in the vehicle and of its inherent dangers, and shall have
been instructed in the measures and procedures to be
followed in order to protect the public from those dangers.
He shall have been made familiar with the vehicle he is
assigned, and shall be trained, supplied with the necessary
means, and authorized to move the vehicle when required.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
11
General Industry
(g) Blasting agents
(3) Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles.
(iii) Operation of bulk delivery vehicles shall conform to the
requirements of this subdivision. These include the placarding
requirements as specified by Department of Transportation.
(a) The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of
the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and
related equipment. The employer shall assure that
the operator is familiar with the commodities being
delivered and the general procedure for handling
emergency situations.
(6) Transportation of packaged blasting agents.
(ii) Vehicles transporting blasting agents shall only be driven
by and be in the charge of a driver in possession of a valid
motor vehicle operator’s license. Such a person shall also be
familiar with the State’s vehicle and traffic laws.
(h) Water gel (Slurry) explosives and blasting agents
(4) Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles.
(ii) Operation of bulk delivery and mixing vehicles shall
comply with the requirements of this subdivision.
(b) The operator shall be trained in the safe operation
of the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying,
and related equipment. He shall be familiar with
the commodities being delivered and the general
procedure for handling emergency situations.
1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases
(b)(16),
(d)(12)(i)
(b) Basic rules
(16) Instructions. Personnel performing installation, removal,
operation, and maintenance work shall be properly trained in
such functions.
(d) Storage systems using containers other than DOT containers
(12) General provisions applicable to systems in industrial plants (of
2,000 gallons water capacity and more) and to bulk filling plants.
(i)
12
When standard watch service is provided, it shall be extended
to the LP-Gas installation and personnel properly trained.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia
(b)(13)(ii)
(b) Basic rules. This paragraph applies to all paragraphs of this section
unless otherwise noted.
(13) Tank car unloading points and operations
(ii) The employer shall insure that unloading operations are
performed by reliable persons properly instructed and
given the authority to monitor careful compliance with all
applicable procedures.
1910.119 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals
(g), (h)(3)(i)
through (iv),
and (j)(3)
(g) Training
(1) Initial training.
(i)
Each employee presently involved in operating a process,
and each employee before being involved in operating a
newly assigned process, shall be trained in an overview of
the process and in the operating procedures as specified
in paragraph (f) of this section. The training shall include
emphasis on the specific safety and health hazards,
emergency operations including shutdown, and safe work
practices applicable to the employee’s job tasks.
(ii) In lieu of initial training for those employees already involved
in operating a process on May 26, 1992, an employer
may certify in writing that the employee has the required
knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely carry out the duties
and responsibilities as specified in the operating procedures.
(2) Refresher training. Refresher training shall be provided at
least every three years, and more often if necessary, to each
employee involved in operating a process to assure that the
employee understands and adheres to the current operating
procedures of the process. The employer, in consultation with the
employees involved in operating the process, shall determine the
appropriate frequency of refresher training.
(3) Training documentation. The employer shall ascertain that
each employee involved in operating a process has received
and understood the training required by this paragraph. The
employer shall prepare a record which contains the identity of
the employee, the date of training, and the means used to verify
that the employee understood the training.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
13
General Industry
(h) Contractors
(3) Contract employer responsibilities.
(i)
The contract employer shall assure that each contract
employee is trained in the work practices necessary to
perform his/her job.
(ii) The contract employer shall assure that each contract
employee is instructed in the known potential fire,
explosion, or toxic release hazards related to his/her job and
the process, and the applicable provisions of the emergency
action plan.
(iii) The contract employer shall document that each contract
employee has received and understood the training
required by this paragraph. The contract employer shall
prepare a record which contains the identity of the contract
employee, the date of training, and the means used to verify
that the employee understood the training.
(iv) The contract employer shall assure that each contract
employee follows the safety rules of the facility including the
safe work practices required by paragraph (f)(4) of this section.
(j) Mechanical integrity
(3) Training for process maintenance activities. The employer shall
train each employee involved in maintaining the ongoing
integrity of process equipment in an overview of that process and
its hazards and in the procedures applicable to the employee’s job
tasks to assure that the employee can perform the job tasks in a
safe manner.
1910.120 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response
(e)(1) through
(9); (o)(1);
(p)(7); (p)(8)(iii);
(q)(4) through
(8), and (11)
14
(e) Training
(1) General.
(i)
All employees working on site (such as but not limited to
equipment operators, general laborers and others) exposed
to hazardous substances, health hazards, or safety hazards
and their supervisors and management responsible for the
site shall receive training meeting the requirements of this
paragraph before they are permitted to engage in hazardous
waste operations that could expose them to hazardous
substances, safety, or health hazards, and they shall receive
review training as specified in this paragraph.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(ii) Employees shall not be permitted to participate in or
supervise field activities until they have been trained to a
level required by their job function and responsibility.
(2) Elements to be covered. The training shall thoroughly cover
the following:
(i)
Names of personnel and alternates responsible for site
safety and health;
(ii) Safety, health and other hazards present on the site;
(iii) Use of personal protective equipment;
(iv) Work practices by which the employee can minimize risks
from hazards;
(v) Safe use of engineering controls and equipment on the site;
(vi) Medical surveillance requirements, including recognition of
symptoms and signs which might indicate overexposure to
hazards; and
(vii) The contents of paragraphs (G) through (J) of the site safety
and health plan set forth in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section.
(3) Initial training.
(i)
General site workers (such as equipment operators, general
laborers and supervisory personnel) engaged in hazardous
substance removal or other activities which expose or
potentially expose workers to hazardous substances and
health hazards shall receive a minimum of 40 hours of
instruction off the site, and a minimum of three days actual
field experience under the direct supervision of a trained,
experienced supervisor.
(ii) Workers on site only occasionally for a specific limited
task (such as, but not limited to, ground water monitoring,
land surveying, or geophysical surveying) and who are
unlikely to be exposed over permissible exposure limits and
published exposure limits shall receive a minimum of 24
hours of instruction off the site, and the minimum of one
day actual field experience under the direct supervision of a
trained, experienced supervisor.
(iii) Workers regularly on site who work in areas which have been
monitored and fully characterized indicating that exposures
are under permissible exposure limits and published
exposure limits where respirators are not necessary, and the
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
15
General Industry
characterization indicates that there are no health hazards
or the possibility of an emergency developing, shall receive
a minimum of 24 hours of instruction off the site and the
minimum of one day actual field experience under the direct
supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.
(iv) Workers with 24 hours of training who are covered by
paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii) of this section, and
who become general site workers or who are required to
wear respirators, shall have the additional 16 hours and two
days of training necessary to total the training specified in
paragraph (e)(3)(i).
(4) Management and supervisor training. On-site management and
supervisors directly responsible for, or who supervise employees
engaged in, hazardous waste operations shall receive 40 hours
initial training, and three days of supervised field experience
(the training may be reduced to 24 hours and one day if the only
area of their responsibility is employees covered by paragraphs
(e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii)) and at least eight additional hours
of specialized training at the time of job assignment on such
topics as, but not limited to, the employer’s safety and health
program and the associated employee training program, personal
protective equipment program, spill containment program, and
health hazard monitoring procedure and techniques.
(5) Qualifications for trainers. Trainers shall be qualified to instruct
employees about the subject matter that is being presented in
training. Such trainers shall have satisfactorily completed a
training program for teaching the subjects they are expected
to teach, or they shall have the academic credentials and
instructional experience necessary for teaching the subjects.
Instructors shall demonstrate competent instructional skills and
knowledge of the applicable subject matter.
(6) Training certification. Employees and supervisors that have received
and successfully completed the training and field experience
specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall
be certified by their instructor or the head instructor and trained
supervisor as having successfully completed the necessary training.
A written certificate shall be given to each person so certified. Any
person who has not been so certified or who does not meet the
requirements of paragraph (e)(9) of this section shall be prohibited
from engaging in hazardous waste operations.
16
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(7) Emergency response. Employees who are engaged in responding
to hazardous emergency situations at hazardous waste cleanup
sites that may expose them to hazardous substances shall be
trained in how to respond to such expected emergencies.
(8) Refresher training. Employees specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this
section, and managers and supervisors specified in paragraph (e)
(4) of this section, shall receive eight hours of refresher training
annually on the items specified in paragraph (e)(2) and/or (e)(4)
of this section, critiques of incidents that have occurred in the
past year that can serve as training examples of any related work,
and other relevant topics.
(9) Equivalent training. Employers who can show by documentation
or certification that an employee’s work experience and/or training
has resulted in training equivalent to that training required in
paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall not be
required to provide the initial training requirements of those
paragraphs to such employees and shall provide a copy of the
certification or documentation to the employee upon request.
However, certified employees or employees with equivalent
training new to a site shall receive appropriate, site specific training
before site entry and have appropriate supervised field experience
at the new site. Equivalent training includes any academic training
or the training that existing employees might have already received
from actual hazardous waste site experience.
(o) New technology programs
(1) The employer shall develop and implement procedures for
the introduction of effective new technologies and equipment
developed for the improved protection of employees working
with hazardous waste clean-up operations, and the same shall
be implemented as part of the site safety and health program to
assure that employee protection is being maintained.
(p) Certain Operations Conducted Under the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA). Employers conducting
operations at treatment, storage and disposal (TSD) facilities specified
in paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of this section shall provide and implement the
programs specified in this paragraph. See the “Notes and Exceptions”
to paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section for employers not covered.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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(7) Training Program.
(i) New employees. The employer shall develop and implement a
training program, which is part of the employer’s safety and
health program, for employees exposed to health hazards
or hazardous substances at TSD operations to enable the
employees to perform their assigned duties and functions in
a safe and healthful manner so as not to endanger themselves
or other employees. The initial training shall be for 24 hours
and refresher training shall be for eight hours annually.
Employees who have received the initial training required by
this paragraph shall be given a written certificate attesting that
they have successfully completed the necessary training.
(ii) Current employees. Employers who can show by an
employee’s previous work experience and/or training that
the employee has had training equivalent to the initial
training required by this paragraph, shall be considered as
meeting the initial training requirements of this paragraph
as to that employee. Equivalent training includes the
training that existing employees might have already received
from actual site work experience. Current employees shall
receive eight hours of refresher training annually.
(iii) Trainers. Trainers who teach initial training shall have
satisfactorily completed a training course for teaching the
subjects they are expected to teach or they shall have the
academic credentials and instruction experience necessary
to demonstrate a good command of the subject matter of the
courses and competent instructional skills.
(8) Emergency Response Program.
(iii) Training.
(A) Training for emergency response employees shall be
completed before they are called upon to perform
in real emergencies. Such training shall include the
elements of the emergency response plan, standard
operating procedures the employer has established for
the job, the personal protective equipment to be worn
and procedures for handling emergency incidents.
Note: Exception #1: An employer need not
train all employees to the degree specified if the
employer divides the work force in a manner such
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Training Requirements
that a sufficient number of employees who have
responsibility to control emergencies have the training
specified, and all other employees, who may first
respond to an emergency incident, have sufficient
awareness training to recognize that an emergency
response situation exists and that they are instructed
in that case to summon the fully trained employees
and not attempt control activities for which they are
not trained.
Note: Exception #2: An employer need not train all
employees to the degree specified if arrangements
have been made in advance for an outside fully trained
emergency response team to respond in a reasonable
period and all employees, who may come to the incident
first, have sufficient awareness training to recognize
that an emergency response situation exists and they
have been instructed to call the designated outside, fully
trained emergency response team for assistance.
(B) Employee members of TSD [treatment, storage and
disposal] facility emergency response organizations
shall be trained to a level of competence in the
recognition of health and safety hazards to protect
themselves and other employees. This would include
training in the methods used to minimize the risk
from safety and health hazards; in the safe use
of control equipment; in the selection and use of
appropriate personal protective equipment; in the
safe operating procedures to be used at the incident
scene; in the techniques of coordination with other
employees to minimize risks; in the appropriate
response to overexposure from health hazards or
injury to themselves and other employees; and in the
recognition of subsequent symptoms which may result
from overexposures.
(C) The employer shall certify that each covered
employee has attended and successfully completed
the training required in paragraph (p)(8)(iii) of this
section, or shall certify the employee’s competency
for certification of training shall be recorded and
maintained by the employer.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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(q) Emergency response to hazardous substance releases
(4) Skilled support personnel. Personnel, not necessarily an
employer’s own employees, who are skilled in the operation of
certain equipment, such as mechanized earth moving or digging
equipment or crane and hoisting equipment, and who are needed
temporarily to perform immediate emergency support work
that cannot reasonably be performed in a timely fashion by an
employer’s own employees, and who will be or may be exposed
to the hazards at an emergency response scene, are not required
to meet the training required in this paragraph for the employer’s
regular employees. However, these personnel shall be given
an initial briefing at the site prior to their participation in any
emergency response. The initial briefing shall include instruction
in the wearing of appropriate personal protective equipment,
what chemical hazards are involved, and what duties are to be
performed. All other appropriate safety and health precautions
provided to the employer’s own employees shall be used to assure
the safety and health of these personnel.
(5) Specialist employees. Employees who, in the course of their
regular job duties, work with and are trained in the hazards of
specific hazardous substances, and who will be called upon to
provide technical advice or assistance at a hazardous substance
release incident to the individual in charge, shall receive training
or demonstrate competency in the area of their specialization
annually.
(6) Training. Training shall be based on the duties and function
to be performed by each responder of an emergency response
organization. The skill and knowledge levels required for all
new responders, those hired after the effective date of this
standard, shall be conveyed to them through training before
they are permitted to take part in actual emergency operations
on an incident. Employees who participate, or are expected to
participate in emergency response, shall be given training in
accordance with the following paragraphs:
(i) First responder awareness level. First responders at the
awareness level are individuals who are likely to witness
or discover a hazardous substance release and who have
been trained to initiate an emergency response sequence
by notifying the proper authorities of the release. First
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Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
responders at the awareness level shall have sufficient
training or have had sufficient experience to objectively
demonstrate competency in the following areas:
(A) An understanding of what hazardous substances are,
and the risks associated with them in an incident.
(B) An understanding of the potential outcomes
associated with an emergency created when hazardous
substances are present.
(C) The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous
substances in an emergency.
(D) The ability to identify the hazardous substances,
if possible.
(E) An understanding of the role of the first responder
awareness individual in the employer’s emergency
response plan including site security and control and
the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Emergency
Response Guidebook.
(F) The ability to realize the need for additional resources,
and to make appropriate notifications to the
communications center.
(ii) First responder operations level. First responders at the
operations level are individuals who respond to releases
or potential releases of hazardous substances as part of the
initial response to the site for the purpose of protecting
nearby persons, property, or the environment from the
effects of the release. They are trained to respond in a
defensive fashion without actually trying to stop the
release. Their function is to contain the release from a safe
distance, keep it from spreading, and prevent exposures.
First responders at the operational level shall have received
at least eight hours of training or have had sufficient
experience to objectively demonstrate competency in the
following areas in addition to those listed for the awareness
level and the employer shall so certify:
(A) Knowledge of the basic hazard and risk assessment
techniques.
(B) Know how to select and use proper personal
protective equipment provided to the first responder
operational level
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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(C) An understanding of basic hazardous materials terms.
(D) Know how to perform basic control, containment
and/or confinement operations within the capabilities
of the resources and personal protective equipment
available to the unit.
(E) Know how to implement basic decontamination
procedures.
(F) An understanding of the relevant standard operating
procedures and termination procedures.
(iii) Hazardous materials technician. Hazardous materials
technicians are individuals who respond to releases or
potential releases for the purpose of stopping the release.
They assume a more aggressive role than a first responder at
the operations level in that they will approach the point of
release in order to plug, patch or otherwise stop the release of
a hazardous substance. Hazardous materials technicians shall
have received at least 24 hours of training equal to the first
responder operations level and in addition have competency
in the following areas and the employer shall so certify:
(A) Know how to implement the employer’s emergency
response plan.
(B) Know the classification, identification and verification
of known and unknown materials by using field
survey instruments and equipment.
(C) Be able to function within an assigned role in the
Incident Command System.
(D) Know how to select and use proper specialized
chemical personal protective equipment provided to
the hazardous materials technician.
(E) Understand hazard and risk assessment techniques.
(F) Be able to perform advance control, containment,
and/or confinement operations within the capabilities
of the resources and personal protective equipment
available to the unit.
(G) Understand and implement decontamination.
(H) Understand termination procedures.
(I)
22
Understand basic chemical and toxicological
terminology and behavior.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(iv) Hazardous materials specialist. Hazardous materials
specialists are individuals who respond with and provide
support to hazardous materials technicians. Their duties
parallel those of the hazardous materials technician,
however, those duties require a more directed or specific
knowledge of the various substances they may be called
upon to contain. The hazardous materials specialist would
also act as the site liaison with federal, state, local and
other government authorities for site activities. Hazardous
materials specialists shall have received at least 24 hours of
training equal to the technician level and in addition have
competency in the following areas and the employer shall so
certify:
(A) Know how to implement the local emergency
response plan.
(B) Understand classification, identification and
verification of known and unknown materials by
using advanced survey instruments and equipment.
(C) Know the state emergency response plan.
(D) Be able to select and use proper specialized chemical
personal protective equipment provided to the
hazardous materials specialist.
(E) Understand in-depth hazard and risk assessment
techniques.
(F) Be able to perform specialized control, containment,
and/or confinement operations within the capabilities
of the resources and personal protective equipment
available.
(G) Be able to determine and implement decontamination
procedures.
(H) Have the ability to develop a site safety and control plan.
(I)
Understand chemical, radiological and toxicological
terminology and behavior.
(v) On scene incident commander. Incident commanders, who
will assume control of the incident scene beyond the first
responder awareness level, shall receive at least 24 hours of
training equal to the first responder operations level and in
addition have competency in the following areas and the
employer shall so certify:
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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General Industry
(A) Know and be able to implement the employer’s
incident command system.
(B) Know how to implement the employer’s emergency
response plan.
(C) Know and understand the hazards and risks associated
with employees working in chemical protective
clothing.
(D) Know how to implement the local emergency
response plan.
(E) Know of the state emergency response plan and of the
Federal Regional Response Team.
(F) Know and understand the importance of
decontamination procedures.
(7) Trainers. Trainers who teach any of the above training subjects shall
have satisfactorily completed a training course for teaching the
subjects they are expected to teach, such as the courses offered by
the U.S. National Fire Academy, or they shall have the training and/
or academic credentials and instructional experience necessary to
demonstrate competent instructional skills and a good command
of the subject matter of the courses they are to teach.
(8) Refresher Training.
(i)
Those employees who are trained in accordance with
paragraph (q)(6) of this section shall receive annual
refresher training of sufficient content and duration to
maintain their competencies, or shall demonstrate their
competency in those areas at least yearly.
(ii) A statement shall be made on the training or competency,
and if a statement of competency is made, the employer
shall keep a record of the methodology used to demonstrate
competency.
(11) Post-emergency response operations. Upon completion of the
emergency response, if it is determined that it is necessary to
remove hazardous substances, health hazards and materials
contaminated with them (such as contaminated soil or other
elements of the natural environment) from the site of the
incident, the employer conducting the clean-up shall comply
with one of the following:
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Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
(i)
Meet all the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (o) of
this section; or
(ii) Where the clean-up is done on plant property using plant or
workplace employees, such employees shall have completed
the training requirements of the following: 29 CFR 1910.38,
1910.134, 1910.1200, and other appropriate safety and
health training made necessary by the tasks they are
expected to perform such as personal protective equipment
and decontamination procedures.
Appendix C to 1910.120 — Compliance guidelines
1. Occupational Safety and Health Program. Each hazardous waste site clean-up
effort will require an occupational safety and health program headed by the site
coordinator or the employer’s representative. The purpose of the program will be the
protection of employees at the site and will be an extension of the employer’s overall
safety and health program…
…Each site or workplace safety and health program will need to include the following…
…(4) means for the training of supervisors and employees to develop the needed
skills and knowledge to perform their work in a safe and healthful manner…
2. Training. The training program for employees subject to the requirements of
paragraph (e) of this standard should address:
• the safety and health hazards employees should expect to find on hazardous waste
clean-up sites;
• what control measures or techniques are effective for those hazards;
• what monitoring procedures are effective in characterizing exposure levels;
• what makes an effective employer’s safety and health program;
• what a site safety and health program should include;
• hands-on training with personal protective equipment and clothing they may be
expected to use;
• the contents of the OSHA standards relevant to the employee’s duties and
functions; and
• employee’s responsibilities under OSHA and other regulations.
Supervisors will need training in their responsibilities under the safety and health
program and its subject areas such as the spill containment program, the personal
protective equipment program, the medical surveillance program, and the emergency
response plan and other areas.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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General Industry
The training programs for employees subject to the requirements of paragraph (p) of
this standard should address:
•
•
•
•
the employer’s safety and health program elements impacting employees;
the hazard communication program;
the medical surveillance program;
the hazards and the controls for such hazards that employees need to know for
their job duties and functions.
All require annual refresher training.
The training programs for employees covered by the requirements of paragraph (q)
of this standard should address those competencies required for the various levels of
response such as:
•
•
•
•
•
•
hazards associated with hazardous substances;
hazard identification and awareness;
notification of appropriate persons;
need for and use of personal protective equipment including respirators;
decontamination procedures to be used;
preplanning activities for hazardous substance incidents including the emergency
response plan;
• company standard operating procedures for hazardous substance emergency
responses;
• use of the incident command system and other subjects.
Hands-on training should be stressed whenever possible. Critiques done after an
incident which include an evaluation of what worked and what did not and how
could the incident be better handled the next time may be counted as training time.
For hazardous materials specialists (usually members of hazardous materials teams),
the training should address the care, use and/or testing of chemical protective
clothing including totally encapsulating suits, the medical surveillance program, the
standard operating procedures for the hazardous materials team including the use of
plugging and patching equipment and other subject areas.
Officers and leaders who may be expected to be in charge at an incident should be
fully knowledgeable of their company’s incident command system. They should
know where and how to obtain additional assistance and be familiar with the local
district’s emergency response plan and the state emergency response plan.
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Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
Specialist employees such as technical experts, medical experts or environmental
experts that work with hazardous materials in their regular jobs, who may be sent to
the incident scene by the shipper, manufacturer or governmental agency to advise
and assist the person in charge of the incident should have training on an annual
basis. Their training should include the care and use of personal protective equipment
including respirators; knowledge of the incident command system and how they are to
relate to it; and those areas needed to keep them current in their respective field as it
relates to safety and health involving specific hazardous substances.
Those skilled support personnel, such as employees who work for public works
departments or equipment operators who operate bulldozers, sand trucks, backhoes,
etc., who may be called to the incident scene to provide emergency support
assistance, should have at least a safety and health briefing before entering the area
of potential or actual exposure. These skilled support personnel, who have not been
a part of the emergency response plan and do not meet the training requirements,
should be made aware of the hazards they face and should be provided all necessary
protective clothing and equipment required for their tasks.
There are two National Fire Protection Association standards, NFPA 472—“Standard for
Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Material Incidents” and NFPA
471—“Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Material Incidents,” which
are excellent resource documents to aid fire departments and other emergency response
organizations in developing their training program materials. NFPA 472 provides
guidance on the skills and knowledge needed for first responder awareness level, first
responder operations level, hazmat technicians, and hazmat specialist. It also offers
guidance for the officer corp who will be in charge of hazardous substance incidents.
Appendix E to 1910.120 — Training curriculum guidelines
The following non-mandatory general criteria may be used for assistance in developing
site-specific training curriculum used to meet the training requirements of 29 CFR
1910.120(e); 29 CFR 1910.120(p)(7), (p)(8)(iii); and 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6), (q)(7),
and (q)(8). These are generic guidelines and they are not presented as a complete
training curriculum for any specific employer. Site-specific training programs must be
developed on the basis of a needs assessment of the hazardous waste site, RCRA/TSDF,
or emergency response operation in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.120.
It is noted that the legal requirements are set forth in the regulatory text of §1910.120.
The guidance set forth here presents a highly effective program that in the areas covered
would meet or exceed the regulatory requirements. In addition, other approaches could
meet the regulatory requirements.
Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
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General Industry
Suggested General Criteria
Definitions:
“Competent” means possessing the skills, knowledge, experience, and judgment to
perform assigned tasks or activities satisfactorily as determined by the employer.
“Demonstration” means the showing by actual use of equipment or procedures.
“Hands-on training” means training in a simulated work environment that permits each
student to have experience performing tasks, making decisions, or using equipment
appropriate to the job assignment for which the training is being conducted.
“Initial training” means training required prior to beginning work.
“Lecture” means an interactive discourse with a class led by an instructor.
“Proficient” means meeting a stated level of achievement.
“Site-specific” means individual training directed to the operations of a specific job site.
“Training hours” means the number of hours devoted to lecture, learning activities,
small group work sessions, demonstration, evaluations, or hands-on experience.
Suggested core criteria:
1. Training facility.
The training facility should have available sufficient resources, equipment, and site
locations to perform didactic and hands-on training when appropriate. Training
facilities should have sufficient organization, support staff, and services to conduct
training in each of the courses offered.
2. Training Director.
Each training program should be under the direction of a training director who is
responsible for the program. The Training Director should have a minimum of two years
of employee education experience.
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Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
Training Requirements
3. Instructors.
Instructors should be deemed competent on the basis of:
• previous documented experience in their area of instruction,
• successful completion of a “train-the-trainer” program specific to the topics they
will t…
